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We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Next SlideShares. You are reading a preview. Create your free account to continue reading. Sign Up. Upcoming SlideShare. Compilation of previous board examination questions. Embed Size px. Start on. Show related SlideShares at end. WordPress Shortcode. Share Email. Examples: a. The presence of physical injuries of a victim of sexual abuse may be presumptive proof that force was applied in the commission thereof, hence the crime committed must be rape.
The presence of physical injuries on the offender of the crime of physical injuries may be a proof that the victim acted in self-defense. Other Definitions: yjl. Law is a rule of conduct, just, obligatory, laid by legitimate power for common observance and benefit. It is a science of moral laws founded on the rational nature of man which regulates free activity for the realization of his individual and social ends under the aspect of mutual demandable independence.
The word "law" includes regulations and circulars which are issued to implement a law and have, therefore, the effect of law. It is a rule of conduct; b. It is dictated by legitimate power; and c. Compulsory and obligatory to all Civil Code by Padilla. Forms of Law: ' a.
Written or Statutory Law Lex Scripta : This is composed of laws which are produced by the country's legislations and which are defined, codified and incorporated by the law-making body. Unwritten or Common Law Lex non Scripta : This is composed of the unwritten laws based on immemorial customs and usages.
It is sometimes referred to as case law, common law, jurisprudence or customary law. Example: Laws of England J 2. Forensic: It denotes anything belonging to the court of law or used in court or legal proceedings or something fitted for legal or public argumentations Black's Law Dictionary, 4th ed.
Medicine: Medicine is a science and art dealing with prevention, cure and alleviation of disease. It is that part of science and art of restoring and preserving health. The term medicine is also applied to a science and art of diag- nosing, treating, curing and preventing disease, relieving pain, and improving the health of a person, z 4.
Legal: Legal is that which pertains to law, arising out of, by virtue of or included in law. It also refers to anything conformable to the letters or rules of law as it is administered by the court.
Jurisprudence: It is a practical science which investigates the nature, origin, development and functions of law. It is a science of giving a wise interpretation of the law and making just application of them to all cases as they arise. Judicial decisions applying or interpreting the laws shall form a part of the Philippine jurisprudence. The decisions contemplated are those rendered by the Supreme Court which is the final arbiter on legal issues.
However, the decisions of the Court of Appeals may serve as precedent for inferior courts on points of facts. Principle of Stare Decisis: A principle that, when the court has once laid down a principle of law or intepretation as applied to a certain state of facts, it will adhere to and apply to all future cases where the facts are sub- stantially the same.
The principle is one of policy, grounded on the theory that security and certainty require that accepted and established legal principles, under which right may accrue, be recognized and fol- lowed, though later found to be not legally sound, but whether previous holding of court shall be adhered to, modified or over- ruled is within the court's discretion under the circumstance of the case before it Black's Law Dictionary, 4th ed.
Civil Law — Civil law is a mass of precepts that determines and regulates the relation of assistance, authority, and obedience between members of a family and those which exist among members of a society for the protection of private interest San- chez Roman. In civil law, knowledge of legal medicine may be useful on the following: a. The determination and termination of civil personality Art. The limitation or restriction of a natural person's capacity to act Art. Criminal Law — Criminal law is that branch or division of law which defines crimes, treats of their nature and provides for their punishment.
Penal laws and those of public security and safety shall be obligatory upon all who live or sojourn in the Philippine territory, subject to the principles of public international law and to treaty stipulations Art.
The Philippine criminal law is codified in the Revised Penal Code and may also be found in the penal provisions of the special laws. Legal medicine is applicable in the following provisions of the penal code: a. Circumstances affecting criminal liability Title I ; b. Crimes against chastity Title XI. Remedial Law — Remedial law is that branch or division of law which deals with the rules concerning pleadings, practices and procedures in all courts of the Philippines.
It is the law which gives a party a remedy for a wrong. It is intended to afford a private remedy to a person injured by the wrongful act. It is a designed law, which redresses an existing grievance or introduces regulation conducive to public good Black's Law Dictionary, 4th ed. Our remedial law is embodied in the Rules of Court of the Philippines and also in the remedial provision of Special Laws.
Legal Medicine may be applied in the following provisions of the Rules of Court: a. Physical and mental examination of a person Rule 28 ; b. Proceedings for hospitalization of an insane person Rule ; and c. Rules on evidences Part IV. Generalized muscular 1. Medico-Legal Autopsy or Forensic or contractions occur from 3 to 6 hours until 36 coroners — autopsies that seek to find the hours.
Autopsy - a post-mortem examination to 2. Clinical or Pathological Autopsies - discover the cause of death or the extent of performed to diagnose a particular disease or disease. Autopsy is derived from the Greek for research purposes.
Anatomical or Academic Autopsies - are performed by students of anatomy for study purpose only. Who are Authorized to Perform Autopsy 4. Virtual or Medical Imaging Autopsies - 1. Health officers are performed utilizing imaging technology 2.
Medical officer of law enforcement only, primarily magnetic resonance imaging agencies MRI and computed tomography CT. Members of the medical staff of accredited Forensic Autopsy - is used to determine the hospitals cause and manner of death. When is Autopsy Performed Anatomy - the branch of science concerned 1. Written request of nearest kin to ascertain with the bodily structure of humans, cause of death animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the 2.
Order of competent court, mayor, separation of parts. Death is the termination of all that occurs at the moment of death, persists biological functions that sustain a into the period of rigor mortis and can be living organism. Cadaveric spasm occurs immediately after death and is useful Kinds of Death to ascertain the circumstances of death.
Somatic or Clinical Death - permanent cessation of all vital bodily functions. Cerebral Concussion —brief loss of consciousness and sometimes memory after 2. Cerebral Contusion — bruises to the brain, 3. Apparent Death or State of Suspended usually caused by a direct, strong blow to the Animation - a state in which the processes head.
They are more serious than of the body such as blood circulation stop concussions. Circulatory System - also called the cardiovascular system, is an organ system Leading Causes of Death In The World that permits blood to circulate and transport 1. Ischemic heart disease nutrients such as amino acids and electrolytes , oxygen, carbon dioxide, 2.
Stroke cerebrovascular diseases hormones, and blood cells to and from cells 3. Lower respiratory infections in the body to nourish it and help to fight diseases, stabilize body temperature and pH, 4. Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and to maintain homeostasis. Signs Of Death Contempt of Court - any willful 1.
Cessation of heart action and circulation disobedience to or disregard of a court order or any misconduct in the presence of a court 2.
Cessation of respiration action that interferes with a judge's ability to 3. Cooling of the body Algor Mortis - The administer justice or that insults the dignity temperature of 15—20 degrees Fahrenheit is of the court. Punishable by fine or considered as ascertain sign of death. Loss of sensory power Euthanasia - Meaning good death well or 6. Changes in the skin good , refers to the practice of ending life in 7.
Changes in and about the eye - There is a painless manner. Deliberate intervention loss of corneal reflex undertaken with the express intention of ending life, to relieve intractable suffering.
Declaration of Tokyo - is a set of international guidelines for physicians Excretory System - is a passive biological concerning torture and other cruel, inhuman system that removes excess, unnecessary or degrading treatment or punishment in materials from an organism, so as to help relation to detention and imprisonment, maintain homeostasis within the organism which was adopted in October during and prevent damage to the body.
Homeostasis -means remaining stable or remaining the same. Defloration - is the laceration or rupture of the hymen as a result of sexual intercourse. Firearm identification - used to determine whether the gun that is subject of the Dermis - the thick layer of living tissue investigation has the same gun used or fired.
Forensic Science - involves the application Digestive System - digestive system is a of the sciences to answer group of organs working together to convert questions of interest to the legal system. Four 4 Signs of Inflammation 1. Rubor - redness Dr. Pedro P. Calor - heat Legal Medicine. Tumor - swelling 4. Dulor - pain Ecchymosis - a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, Fracture - comes from the Latin word typically caused by bruising.
It is also a Endocrine System - refers to the collection combination of a break in the bone and soft of glands of an organism that secrete tissue injury.
Frostnip - the initial stages of frostbite. A wound that is produced by the tearing of soft body tissue. This type of Gynecology - the branch of physiology and wound is often irregular and jagged. Hematoma - is a collection of blood outside of a blood vessel. Lazarus Sign - or Lazarus reflex, is a reflex movement in brain dead patients, which Incision - a surgical cut made in skin or causes them to briefly raise their arms and flesh.
Injury - is the damage to a biological Legal Medicine - Branch of medicine which organism caused by physical deals with the application of medical harm.
Application of Coup Injury - injury at the site of medicine to legal cases. Livor Mortis - is a settling of the blood in Contre-Coup Injury - injury opposite the the lower dependent portion of the body, site of application of force. From the latin word "livor" - bluish Coup-Conre-Coup Injury - injury at the color and "mortis" - of death. Also known as site and opposite the site of application of post-mortem lividity.
Mayhem - intentional maiming of another Locus Minoris Resistentiae - injury not at person. Extensive Injury - injury on greater area more than the site of application of force. Medical Evidence - is the means sanctioned by the rules of court of ascertaining in a Integumentary system - is the organ judicial proceeding the truth respecting a system that protects the body from various matter of fact. The system comprises Types of Evidence the skin and its appendages, including hair, 1.
Testimonial Evidence - oral testimony 2. In Civil law, Insanity is a restriction of the under oath capacity of a natural person to act as provided in Article 38 of the Civil Code.
Experimental Evidence 3. Insanity modifies or limits the capacity of 4. Documentary Evidence a natural person to act as provided in Article 39 of the Civil Code. Medical Jurisprudence - knowledge of law in relation to the practice of medicine. Insanity at the time of marriage of any or both parties is a ground for the annulment of Medico-Legal officer - medical examiner marriage.
There is a complex interaction between the physical, psychological, social, Mental Deficiency — or mental retardation, cultural and hereditary influences. Intelligence is Factors that Contribute to the both determined by heredity and Development of Mental Disorders environment. In most cases of mental 1. Heredity — the most frequent factor that deficiency, the cause is unknown.
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